Popup Menu is a UI component in Android that displays a list of menu items in a dropdown fashion. It is typically used to provide a set of actions or options that are contextually relevant to a specific view or event. When triggered, the Popup Menu appears as a floating window, allowing the user to select an item from the available options.

Popup Menu is commonly used in scenarios where there is limited space available or when you want to provide a focused set of choices to the user without cluttering the main UI. It is often associated with user actions such as button clicks, long presses, or right clicks.

Key features of Popup Menu in Android include:
Contextual display: Popup Menu appears near the triggering view, creating a contextually relevant menu for the user.
Customizable appearance: You can customize the appearance of the Popup Menu by applying different themes, styles, or color schemes to match your app's design.
Dynamic menu items: Popup Menu allows you to dynamically add, remove, or modify menu items based on the current state or context of your application.
Event handling: You can define actions to be performed when a menu item is selected using event listeners.
To create a Popup Menu in Android, you typically define the menu items in an XML file, inflate the menu layout in your code, handle menu item clicks, and associate the Popup Menu with the appropriate view or event.
By utilizing Popup Menu, you can enhance the user experience by providing a convenient and focused way for users to access relevant actions or options within your Android application.

Here's an example of how to use a Popup Menu in Android:
Design the menu layout:
Create an XML file to define the menu items for your Popup Menu.
Use the menu tag as the root element and define each menu item using the item tag.
Assign unique IDs to each menu item.

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item
        android:id="@+id/menu_item1"
        android:title="Android" />
    <item
        android:id="@+id/menu_item2"
        android:title="iOS" />
    <item
        android:id="@+id/menu_item3"
        android:title="Windows" />
</menu>

Once you have created the menu XML file to define your Popup Menu, you'll need to create a view element in your layout that will act as the anchor for the menu. The Popup Menu will appear near this anchor view when triggered.

<Button
    android:id="@+id/anchor_button"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="Show Menu" />

Handle menu item clicks:

To show the Popup Menu for the anchor view, you need to instantiate the PopupMenu constructor and use the MenuInflater to load the defined menu resource using MenuInflater.inflate() method. Here's how you can achieve that: In your Java code, obtain a reference to the anchor view using findViewById() or any other method appropriate for your application.

Button anchorView = findViewById(R.id.anchor_button);

Implement OnMenItemClick

To enable an action upon the user's selection of a menu item, it is essential to implement the PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener interface and utilize the setOnMenuItemClickListener() method to register it with the corresponding PopupMenu. Once an item is chosen by the user, the system triggers the onMenuItemClick() callback defined in your interface.

 implements PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener {

}

Show the Popup Menu:

In the desired location, such as a button click event, create an instance of PopupMenu.
Use the MenuInflater to inflate the menu layout and associate it with the PopupMenu.
Show the PopupMenu by calling the show() method, passing in the anchor view.

PopupMenu popup = new PopupMenu(MainActivityTest.this, v);
popup.setOnMenuItemClickListener(MainActivityTest.this);
popup.inflate(R.menu.main);
popup.show();

Another Written Description

Customize the Popup Menu:

You can customize the appearance and behavior of the Popup Menu using various methods.
To execute a specific task upon the user's selection of a menu item, it is necessary to implement the PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener interface and subsequently associate it with the PopupMenu instance by invoking the appropriate registration method.

     @Override
        public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "Selected Item: " + item.getTitle(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    
            switch (item.getItemId()) {
                case R.id.menu_item1:
                    // do your code
                    return true;
                case R.id.menu_item2:
                    // do your code
                    return true;
                case R.id.menu_item3:
                    // do your code
                    return true;
    
                default:
                    return false;
            }
        }

By following these steps, you can implement a Popup Menu in your Android application and provide users with a contextual and compact way to access various actions or options.