The navigation drawer is a common UI pattern used in Android apps to provide a user-friendly way to navigate between different sections or destinations within the app. It typically slides in from the left edge of the screen, revealing a menu or list of options for the user to choose from. The DrawerLayout class, provided by the AndroidX library, is the key component used to implement the navigation drawer functionality.
To create a navigation drawer using DrawerLayout in Android, you start by designing the layout for the navigation drawer itself. This layout defines the appearance and content of the drawer, such as a list of menu items, icons, or custom views. You can use NavigationView, provided by the Material Components library, as the root view for the navigation drawer layout.

Set up the dependencies: Make sure you have the necessary dependencies in your app's build.gradle file:

implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:<version>'
implementation 'androidx.drawerlayout:drawerlayout:<version>'
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:<version>'

Replace with the desired version of the AndroidX AppCompat, DrawerLayout, and Material components libraries.
Design your navigation drawer layout: Create a new XML layout file for the navigation drawer. This layout typically includes a NavigationView as the root element, where you can define the menu items and other content.
The following code in the navigation_menu.xml

<!-- navigation_drawer.xml -->
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <group android:checkableBehavior="single">
        <item
            android:id="@+id/nav_item1"
            android:title="Item 1" />
        <item
            android:id="@+id/nav_item2"
            android:title="Item 2" />
        <item
            android:id="@+id/nav_item3"
            android:title="Item 3" />
    </group>
</menu>

Create the main activity layout: Open the XML file for your app's main activity layout. Add a DrawerLayout as the root element, and within it, add two child views: the main content view and the navigation drawer view.

<androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout 
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <!-- Main content view -->
    <RelativeLayout
        android:id="@+id/main_content"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

        <!-- Your main content here -->

    </RelativeLayout>

    <!-- Navigation drawer view -->
    <com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
        android:id="@+id/navigation_drawer"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="start"
        app:menu="@menu/navigation_drawer" />

</androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout>

Set up the navigation drawer in your activity: In your main activity's code, initialize the DrawerLayout object and set up an ActionBarDrawerToggle to handle the open/close events of the drawer.

import androidx.appcompat.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private DrawerLayout drawerLayout;
    private ActionBarDrawerToggle actionBarDrawerToggle;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        drawerLayout = findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
        actionBarDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
                this,
                drawerLayout,
                R.string.navigation_drawer_open,
                R.string.navigation_drawer_close
        );

        drawerLayout.addDrawerListener(actionBarDrawerToggle);
        actionBarDrawerToggle.syncState();

        // Enable the navigation drawer button in the ActionBar
        getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);

        NavigationView navigationView = findViewById(R.id.navigation_drawer);
        navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(new NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
                // Handle item selection in the navigation drawer here
                drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
                return true;
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
        // Handle ActionBarDrawerToggle clicks here
        if (actionBarDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)) {
            return true;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        // Close the navigation drawer when back button is pressed
        if (drawerLayout.isDrawerOpen(GravityCompat.START)) {
            drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
        } else {
            super.onBackPressed();
        }
    }
}

Include the Open Close strings in the string.xml in res/values/strings.xml file.

    <!-- to toggle the open close button of the navigation drawer -->
    <string name="nav_open">Open</string>
    <string name="nav_close">Close</string>

Another Written Description

Customize the navigation drawer: You can customize the appearance and behavior of the navigation drawer by adding header views, customizing the menu items, adding click listeners, etc. Refer to the Android documentation and the Material Components documentation for more information on customization options.

By following these steps, you can successfully implement a navigation drawer using androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout in your Android app. The navigation drawer will provide users with a convenient way to navigate between different sections or destinations within your app.